- First an explosion cloud appears in the upper part all around - then the part of the building above is going to be pulverized from below (only in this phase the gravity can deliver about 50% of the energy) und only - after the complete destruction of the upper part the remaining part is pulverized from above i.e. 3/4 of the building mass of WTC 1 and WTC 2 were pulverized without the help of gravity. After the initial fire balls and smoke clouds only relatively minimal damages remain at the facade The fire places are determined to certain ares and clearly restricted the smoke comes from restricted sources. If one compares the visible damages at the World Trade Center before the collapse as well as the damages at the Pentagon with other cases when planes crashed into buildings they seem to minimal as it would be plausible for crash of passenger plane. This is supported by the missing of the plane parts. Phases 3 phases could be determined concerning the order of events at the twin towers and the Pentagon: 1. Large fire balls and smoke clouds, little explosions, relatively small damages 2. A lot of smoke, little fire 3. Collapse in a few seconds with the almost speed of falling. At WTC 7 phase 1 and 2 were missing. At the Pentagon phase 3 is only true for ca. 45 feet long part in width of the outer ring. Videos were edited The amateur videos shown on TV about the fly-in of the machine to the south tower show traces of editing. Possibly first the explosions of the south tower were filmed and after that plane movements were added to it. The destruction of the WTC Overview Complete devastation on the whole area like after a bomb attack. From WTC 7, WTC 3 and from the twin towers not much remains. The rests consist mainly out of steel parts from the facade. Concrete and other materials are hardly existing anymore. They were pulverized and went with the wind. Without pulverization the concrete of both towers would resulted in a cone of 225 feet and 450 feet diameter. Concrete quantity = 425,000 cubic metres. The destruction of the WTC Map The official map of the catastrope managemant office FEMA shows the extent of devastation in one view. 9-11 chronology of events 9:55 Top of WTC 6 explodes 9:55 South Tower WTC 2 is pulverized 10:29 North Tower WTC 1 is pulverized 10:38 heavy explosion inside the debris 17:18 WTC 7 is pulverized ?? further explosions in other buildings ?? fire-raising in several buildings 9-12 before noon WTC 3 Marriot Hotel explodes and collapses The destruction of the WTC Map with boundaries of power outage power outage in this area Also almost all telephone lines were interrupted, likewise fax, email, webcams, etc. The reinstallation took place until December. On 9-11 the walkie-talkies of the New York fire department didnīt work. Therefore it was not possible for the commander to get his men out of the buildings in time. A similiar outage was seen with the bomb attack in 1994. Lower Manhattan was separated in those hours completely from the outer world. How could that come? The destruction of the WTC The layer of dust Beginning of winter in New York? The fine dust from pulverized concrete, asbest and other materials is covering the quarter as a layer of several centimeters. That was not seen with any other blast before. The destruction of the WTC Dust clouds energy need The finer the material is being destroyed the bigger is the energy need for it. You will need ca. 1 kg of explosives for 100 tons steel or concrete with conventional explosions. This is sufficient for destruction into transportable pieces if gravity is used smart enough and gravity delivers 50% of the energy. With pulverization the energy need is 10 times larger. The help of gravity is almost meaningless in this case. The complete mass of WTC 1, 2, 3 and 7 was about 1.4 million tons. This results into a need of 14 tons of conventional explosives. Modern military explosives are more efficient, of course. The destruction of the WTC Following fire and explosion damages Behind the dust cloud more explosions take place and fires are starting. A lot of burned car wrecks can be seen. The dust cloud out of concrete and asbest had the effect of a giant fire distinguisher. The fires must have started afterwards. The subway tubes have partly crashed on a length up to 500 metres. On 12-19-2001 the fire department announces that all fires under the rubble have been distinguished. What has burned there for three months? The destruction of the WTC The successors WTC 7 and 3 17:18 Building 7 collapses in the way of a conventional blow up Fire extinguishing on the rests of WTC 7 Most probably WTC 3 after the collapse on 9-12. The destruction of the WTC WTC 6 explodes 9:55 Exactly in the moment when the south tower collapses there is another explosion in WTC 6. The white dust cloud in the foreground is clearly visible. The upper part of WTC 6 is blown up by the explosion. The destruction of the WTC different heights A B C Top part WTC 2 is pulverized from below Between both photos there is a camera shift downwards. The south tower is broken. Height A is upper line of the upper part in the left picture. Height B is upper line of the upper part in the right picture. The distance AB is the same on both pictures. Height C is the height of the 4th window row from above and at the same time the upper line of the stabile standing lower part. of the upper part in the right picture. The distance AB is the same on both pictures. The upper third of the south tower folds first to the left and seems to fall down. Obviously some floors seem to miss on the left side. Now there is an explosion on the right side which hardly damages the standing lower part but which shortens the falling upper part from below. The upper part turns upside by some 5 degress. The upper line of the upper part has lost 60 feet on height (distance AC) - but the upper line of the lower part has lost practically nothing. How do you explain that with gasoline and gravity? The destruction of the WTC new explosions new explosions below the level of breaking. new explosions shortly below the dust cloud On the left image the upper part is a whole piece. Seconds later the tilted position is corrected i.e. the upper part is pulverized. After that the pulverization of the stabile standing trunk from above downwards is going to take place by continuing explosions - without any pressure form above because the upper part has already been pulverized. The destruction of the WTC WTC 2 is blown up Many demolition experts have suggested that it has been a professional demolition when they saw the breakdown. The red arrow shows the explosion cloud of building 6 On the left picture clearly visible: The explosions all around which started the pulverization of the upper part. A little cloud of its own above the main explosion cloud The stabile core of the building can be assumed in the inner column of smoke. It withstands for some seconds but is pulverized then. If we had to deal with pressure and gravity the core would have remained as a thin column because the carrying steel construction does not compress itself. Heavier parts like the elements of the facade fall down closely to the building. The dust cloud extends in the fall about 150 feet from the facade The exact vertical collapse with implosion mainly and complete pulverization leads to little collateral damage at other buildings. The destruction of the WTC Plate 15 Chronology of the collapse 10:29 The upper part of the north tower is being destroyed from below. The antenna is falling down while the tower beyond first remains standing stabile. After the pulverization of the upper part the rest of the building is blown up from above downwards. The continuing blue line shows the lower boundary of the explosion cloud while the upper part is pulverized. The red arrows on the first 4 pictures indicate to the top of the antenna and to the level of the roof. First the cloud remains on the same level but increases by volume. After that it falls down to the ground and gets larger. The trunk is always pulverized from above where no weight puts pressure on it. The destruction of the WTC Plate 16 Scheme collapse WTC 1 and WTC 2 Both towers collapse according to the same scheme. They fall regularly, exactly vertically and symmetrically, almost with the speed of free fall. From here the trunk has no pressure on it Explosion cloud all around Roof is falling Upper part is collapsing from above downwards Upper part is pulverized Trunk collapses from above downwards Assumed... Plate 17 bin Laden wanted to devastate... this quarter How would he proceed ? Would he order 70 cubic metres of gasoline (280 barrels), place the gasoline in 2 buildings each on one floor, ignite it and hope that the fires would cause a chain reaction by which the quarter is going to be devastated? The destruction of the WTC Plate 18 Comparision Murrah Building After the bomb attack After the blow up The difference between brute force and a professional demolition. The Murrah Building in Oklahoma City. A third of the building is not existing anymore but the rest stands. The Murrah Building was heavily damaged by the bomb attack of 4-19-1995 but the ruins were statically stabile. Estimated quantity of primitive explosives: 1.5 tons fertilizer. When the company Controlled Demolition blew up the building on 5-24-1995 the building collapsed within 7 seconds. The professional made implosion caused no collateral damage. Needed explosives: 75 kg. Concrete came in little blocks, no pulverization. The destruction of the WTC Plate 19 Controlled Demolition Inc. is the market leader for the blow up and removal of multi-floor buildings. The company was ordered to remove the rubble from 9-11. The steel was transported to China and was melted there. Example from the reference list of Controlled Demolition Inc. Blow up of the Landmark Hotel in Las Vegas, about 330 feet high, by CD Inc. with 50 kg explosives. The destruction of the WTC Plate 20 Comparision Kingdome Blow up of the hall stadium Kingdome in Seatlle on 3-26-2000 50,000 tons of concrete pulverized (!) Duration: 20 sec. 2500 kilograms explosives in 5800 separately ignited portions. Was the concrete dust as fine as in New York? The destruction of the WTC Plate 21 Figures for fires in steel work Melting point steel Temperature for forging steel fire by kerosine Some people still have the standpoint that the events around the collapse have been caused by destablization of the melted steel. The melting should have been caused by burning plane cerosine. This opinion meets several difficulties, e.g.: 1. Different range of temperature Kerosine fires take place at temperatures around 1110 F to 1740 F. Steel melts at temperatures of 2890 F. The lowest temperature for forging, e.g. for horseshoes is 1740 F. the usual forging temperature lies between 2000-2550 F. Only in this steel can be deformed by heavy force. The temperature for fire is not sufficient to weaken the steel construction by any means. The fire temperature is independent on the quantity of gasoline used. More gasoline burns longer but does not have a higher temperature. 2. Missing cause for building 6, building 7 and building 3 The upper part of building 6 explodes in the very moment when the collapse of the south tower starts. Building 7 collapses completey pulverized about 7 hours later. It was not in the close neighbourhood of WTC 1 and WTC 2. Building 3 collapses only at the next morning. These collapse events have been caused independently from the destruction of both towers. The destruction of the WTC Plate 22 What had been if? The floor ceiling of one level consisted of 84 parts B with a standard width of 2 m. It had three points of fixing A on each side. Each floor ceiling was fixed at 504 points. The construction was mantled by material against fire. If some of the fixation points A would have subject to direct flames the temperature would have risen up to 1000 F (steady loss of heat by leading heat). This is a cooking place of kitchen stove with medium heat. If one had put up the temperature with welding torches to 2890 F the load would have been shared by the rest of points A of the floor or one of the floor ceiling elements B would have dropped on one side. Is this sufficient to cause a collapse? Outline Quiz Plate 23 Mathematics A one motor machine of the type Norton Commander (A) weight 2 t, speed 250 km/h has caused a hole (B) when impacting the Pirelli Building in Mailand. What has the pilot of a Boeing 767 (C) weight 150 t, speed 650 km/h, to do to cause a hole (D) at the north tower and a hole (E) at the south tower when impacting the World Trade Center? WTC North Tower Phase 1 Plate 24 2 fireballs become to smoke At 8:48 a fireball appears at the north side and another one at the east side of the north tower. After that continuing development of smoke until the collapse at 10:29 Fiction: The frontal silhouette of a Boeing 767 would look like in exact measures in front of north side of the north tower like this - if it would hit exact the middle. On first sight the damages at the facade seem to fit to the silhouette of a Boeing... WTC North Tower Phase 2 Plate 25 The hole at the north side The damage at the north side of the north tower - the fictitious impact place. White outline is the area darkened by smoke - the maximum size of a possible hole. It is 5 m high and 3.5 m in width. WTC North Tower Phase 2 Plate 26 Facade hardly penetrated If you watch closely you can see that some pillars of the facade are darkened by smoke but remain intact. lightened If you use wrong colour technique almost no hole is visible. WTC North Tower Phase 2 Plate 27 other perspective Another perspective - the same result. The distance from the middle of a pillar to the middle of the next is about 1m. WTC North Tower Phase 2 Plate 28 closely with details (A) hardly any flames, some smoke (B) Outer aluminium plates of the facade have been blown up to the outside, the supporters behind are mainly intact (C) One floor ceiling is broken and hangs down from both sides. The front line of the ceiling is at the heigth of the facade. It has not been pushed to the inside. WTC North Tower Phase 2 Plate 29 construction of facade Outer aluminium plates serve as decoration but are not parts carrying load Where the aluminium plates have been blown up to the outside the carrying dark-looking 3x3 building elements (3 vertical pillars over 3 floors) appear from behind made out of steel with fire protection layer. Phase 1 at the south tower: It rains down blown up aluminium plates. WTC North Tower Phase 2 Plate 30 More smoke than flames Smoke at single places. No big fire attached in a whole. Thick blue arrows show the direction of watching. South west corner: Separate fire over 6 floors over the continuing level of fire. East side: Smoke comes singularly from different floors. The lowest and the highest source of smoke have 11 floors of distance. The development of smoke at the north tower is quite continously over 1.5 hours. Hardly any flames are visible. The outer appearance hints to a laming fire. Obviously there are several separate fires or origins of smoke over different floors Not visible is white water steam which would have been caused by the fire extinguishing system. At the attack in 1993 the fire extinguishing system didnīt work, too. WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 31 Explosions, 3 fire balls Most of the falling debris are aluminium plates of the facade, each 4 m long and 60 cm in width. Plane debris? Direction of fly-in of the video plane The border is completely intact At 9.03 three fire balls appear at the same time. They develop fast in a right angle from the facade about 50 m to the side. The borders of the building are not involved and remain standing. Then smoke is visible. The development of smoke is similiar to the north tower, but is weaker at all. The visible damages at the facade are astonishing little in comparision to the spectacular image of the explosions. At the same time 3 fire balls come up on the north, east and south side. WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 32 Place of fire balls, Scheme from top view Course of video plane View from the top Places and size of the fire balls. All three appear within one second. The net lines within the building indicate possible office walls. The stabile core of the tower is coloured dark. In this way a Boeing 767 would have hitten the south tower. The right wing with the motor would have stayed outside the building no matter if broken or not. This is not the case with the video planes. They draw the wing inside or shift it just next to the trunk. Just put gasoline from the plane in the building that the 3 fire balls come up - at the same time and - outside of the building (if you put gasoline all over a floor it stands by 1.5 cm over the floor) WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 33 Places and size of the fire balls View onto the north east corner The blue arrow shows the direction of view The fire balls at the north east corner are larger than at virtually rammed south east corner. The smoke cloud has almost the form of a perfect ball with a diameter of at least 150m and a volume of minimum 1,800,000 cubic metres. 1 cubic metre kerosine causes when burnt ca. 10,000 cubic metres smoke gases. Therefore about 180 cubic metres kerosine would have been necessary to cause such a smoke cloud. The maximum load of kerosine on a Boeing 767-200ER is 90 cubic metres for a flight distance of 12,000 km. WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 34 Fire balls from east and north east The big fire balls at the norht and east side. The fire ball at the north side had a depth of about 60m. If it would have been gasoline - why does the effect take place at the opposite side of the building? Gasoline, Fire, Preliminaries 90 cbm for 12,000 km flight distance 34 cbm for 4,500 km to Los Angeles + 6 cbm for 1 hour reserve = 40 cbm fuel load at start - 6 cbm used in 1 hour flight time = 34 cbm when reaching the WTC from that half for fire and smoke = 17 cbm for a fire ball of 10% size of the real size The other half for fires inside = 17 cbm on an area of 2,500 square metres in one floor is 7 litres/sqm at 7 mm gasoline height 52 min fire duration or 0.14 litre per minute and square metre (little coffee pot) 170,000 cbm need for fresh air 6,500 cbm available in one floor 26fold air exchange necessary WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 35 Opposite fire balls from west The opposite fire balls at the north and south side occur at the same time. The northern one (left) appears larger than the southern one, too. Falling parts are aluminium plates of the facade. Plane parts? At the pointed circle later on smoke appears. WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 36 Fire ball scheme from south Rough size of the fire ball at the "crash site" at the south tower Task: How large is the hole which was caused by the explosions at the building? WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 37 3 little holes Thatīs all: Three little holes, marked white here. WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 38 Three holes enlarged On Picture 1 + 2 places which could be holes are marked white. The biggest spot in the middle is about 8 m high and 3 m in width. The little line A in picture 2 is 1.5 m long - the light distance between the end of 2 intact parts. Picture 3 + 4 show each the biggest hole in details with double lightness. WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 39 The 3 holes with Boeing silhouette Only the circumcised marks are holes - or darkened by smoke. The largest spot in the middle is about 8 m in height and up to 3 m in width. If these are holes - how can a plane cause 3 little separate holes in the facade? WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 40 North and south tower compared The appearance is quite similiar in size, outline and according to the broken floor level. Also at the south tower one can see the horizontal lines which have been caused by blowing up of the outer facade parts (A). Also here the little fires (B). WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 41 Smoke origins, flames The smoke development is mainly located at the east half. It doesnīt extend over the whole width of the few floors afflicted with fire but only extends about 36 m to the west. Flames are only visible in the north east corner. The curtain of smoke extend to the complete eastern part of the tower but is only fueled by 2-3 floors. Warmth of the fire places is floating into the cooler western part. Furthermore the facade is cooled by the rising fresh air. From a hell fire which is melting steel can not be spoken. Separate smoke origins on the west side over about 4 floors over the damage of the south side. WTC South Tower Phase 1 Plate 42 North-eastern corner The line in detail The place where the largest fire balls were visible. Only a few facade parts had been blown up. The floor ceilings (A) are intact the vertical pillars also. Behind that there is rumble. In comparision to the visible effect the small damage indicates a an effect of fireworks. Pentagon Phase 1 Plate 43 Images of a surveillance camera which have been published in March 2002 show phase 1 - the explosion quite impressing Inside the circle on picture 1 there is lengthy, light-grey body visible. This is interpreted as the trace of an incoming Boeing by some observers. Pentagon Phase 2 Plate 44 Smoke, facade still standing This part crashed later on Fires in front of the Pentagon and in several offices. Most of the smoke comes from the interior, recognizable by the continuing roofline The fire is almost extinguished. The face is still standing. Where is the plane? Fires in front of the building extinguished. Minimal action by the fire department. The roof line is not broken yet. Smoke comes still from the inner part. The smoke from the inside is stronger than at the facade. It has obviously an origin of its own. Pentagon Phase 3 Plate 45 After collapse of the facade Roof and floor ceilings are separated on the left side. The front lines of the floor ceilings are in height of the outer wall. They had not been pushed backwards (innerwards). No smoke development at the point of crash The 45 feet high lamps of the helicopter landing place have not been touched. A plane advancing in low flight should have passed them and move them steeply downwards. For comparision the fictive Boeing. In the foreground people, helicopters and vehicles - but where are the parts of the plane visible? According to the relatively small damage a hypothetical plane must have been damaged in the same way. The circles show where trunk and engines of a Boeing 757 must have hit. Pentagon Phase 3 Plate 46 After the collapse of the facade, offices OK Roof and floor ceilings separated on the left side on the right side in its place. Office furniture is practically not touched. No fires. Which plausible explanation is there for the clean demolition on the left side at the crash site? Maybe this helps: For cutting of steel parts of buildings since the beginning of the 90ies there is the use of cutting explosives which exacty cuts the material. If fixed on both sides the blast depth is 2 feet. Technical details at www.spreng.de In the right picture the product Linear Cutter of the company Accurate in Spring, Texas. For separating a floor ceiling of steel and concrete you need 300g Linear Cutter per meter. Fixation with tape. Pentagon Phase 3 Plate 47 Satellite photo The deepest penetration of a Boeing - if not the roof and the floor ceilings had been in its way. The nose already touches the still standing wall. The largest part of the plane would be outside and clearly visible there. Buildings with proven airplane damages Plate 48 The damage at the Pirelli building in Milano, caused by a Rockwell Commander with one engine. For comparision: The 3 holes of WTC2, projected in the same size onto it. No steady smoke, no collapse. This facade had no carrying funktion. Its resistance was less against airplanes than at the WTC, The damage which a Boeing 747 of EL-AL had caused at 10-4-92 at a building in Amsterdam. It is 25 m in height and almost of the same width at the top. The building was completely broken through. Comparision Damages Impact Plate 49 Comparision Destruction Impacts (= Speed x Weigth) The destruction impulse on the south tower would have been 240 to 300 times greater than onto the Pirelli building and would have been 70% to 90% (according to the estimated speed) of the impact in Amsterdam. The crash?site in Pennsylvania Plate 50 Search crews have a really hard time to find any parts. One place with small parts is 13 km, the other one 5 km away. If this is the rest of a Boeing the machine must have been smashed into little pieces of metal. For this a lot of energy is necessary. If it would have been a fight inside the cockpit there would have been larger metal parts visble after this. Comparision plane parts Plate 51 When planes crash usually certain parts remain in a recognizable state: Turbines, wheels, etc. Engine of an Airbus which lost steering part and engine after the start at 11-12-01 and crashed down. Turbine, steering part and wheels of a Tupolev 154 which collided with a Boeing over Bodensee in a height of 33000 feet. Metal object at the crossing Church Street/ Murray Street which was identified as an engine of a Boeing by some newspapers. The true engines are 7m long and have a 3m diameter. The official amateur videos - AV1 Plate 52 Do you recognize it? The official amateur videos - AV1 Plate 53 Center of explosion Last place of video plane. The white spot marks place of the nose. Already before the explosion the picture of the plane is underneath the place of explosion. The machine on the picture cannot have caused the event. At the moment of explosion the image of the plane has disappeared. Debris crashing down at the explosion look like Xmas lametta - these are aluminium parts of the outer facade. Plane parts are not visiible. A true plane would have lost its right wing when hitting the building at the right side or would have had the wing outside of the building. Gasoline would have been spoiled and might have started to burn - outside the building. Or is there another explanation for this? The official amateur videos - AV2 the plane as slipplane Plate 54 The video show a plane which is slipping into the south tower without damaging the facade getting any damage itself. Only after the plane is not visible anymore you can see the explosion. Only then a man looks upwards. This effect can be done easily if an existing video (plane) ist copied into a current video (towers). Programs which are used by hobby filmers for funny effects in vacation videos are completely sufficient for this. The official amateur videos - AV2 the plane as slipplane Plate 55 The white arrows point to lines which have been created when pasting rectangular image elements. Therefore nose and engines are flat. The flat nose projects its shade to the front. The official amateur videos - AV3 the slipplane and "UFO" picture 1-6 Plate 56 Also this sequence in 12 parts shows a plane which slips in without any damage. Until flying over the building A in picture 1 and 2 the machine flies almost horizontally, after that it falls quickly to the left and disappears with inclination of 40 degrees to backbord inside the tower. No splinters. The official amateur videos - AV3 the slipplane and "UFO" picture 7-12 Plate 57 In picture 7 is no machine nor an explosion visible. In picture 8 the explosion begins. It is a narrow area obviously on one floor which starts 15 m from the south east border (left). Then there is a second explosion at the north east border, almost 2 floors deeper (picture 9). The cross marks the place where in picture 8 an unknown flying object appears. The "UFO" moves to the right and is still visible on picture 12. Some analysts have examined this object with Fourier transformers and believe to recognize the form of a Global-Hawk plane without pilot. Passengers and suspects Plate 58-61 Flight AA11 The passenger list published by CNN on 9-11 The suspects supposed to be the hijackers published by FBI at 9-14 The FBI gives several possible places of living for the suspects. First one is given here. In the USA there is no such thing like identity card or obligation to register the place of living. Red: Persons which have been reported as living from several Arab foreign ministeries to the US government. Why does the passenger list do not contain any of the suspects? Insider business in great style plate 62 Charts of important Assurance companies 2001 The same companies in the week BEFORE 9-11 The stocks of international assurance business companies lose 22% of their stock market value in average. This effect takes place if important institutional grand investors sell their stocks at the same time. Insider business in great style plate 63 Charts of both airlines - in comparision to German Lufthansa The same in the week BEFORE 9-11 The downfall of airline stocks begins 10 days after the fall of the assurance stocks. Obviously the investment companies did know first of the upcoming desaster and only later on they knew about the story of hijacking planes.